It was her teenage apprentice- the maiko-who was the twenty-first-century star. Over many trips to Kyoto, I realized that the geisha figured little in the contemporary cultural landscape. prefaCe Searching for the answers to the question of current geisha representations became a quest. But what was the case in Japan now? xi xii. We saw how Japanese representations, though often different from Euro-American ones, spoke equally to their cultural moment. By the end of our seminar, we knew that the geisha’s profession and social position in Japan were not monolithic, but encompassed shifting labor conditions, geographical differences, various arts, and changes in social status. It was the phenomenal response to Golden’s novel that had inspired me-and other colleagues in the United States-to create this college course on geisha to investigate the dynamics and effects of cultural representation. Understanding this historical context helped us analyze Arthur Golden’s 1997 Memoirs of a Geisha, a global best seller still much in vogue at the time, and reception to it as indicated by hundreds of reader responses posted on Amazon. Turning to “geisha girl” fantasies abroad, we analyzed Victorian souvenir photographs, the 1896 British musical comedy, The Geisha: A Story of a Teahouse, and Hollywood geisha movies such as Shirley MacLaine’s 1962 comedy My Geisha. We explored shifting representations of geisha in Japanese woodblock prints (ukiyo-e), Kabuki, film, and short stories from the profession’s inception in the Edo period (1603–1867) through modern times. Granny maiko, manga / 193 PREFACE Why Study Maiko Stories? “What kinds of geisha stories exist these days in Japan? Are Japanese reading novels and seeing movies about geisha, too?” My students raised these questions in spring 2002 at the end of our first-year seminar, “Geisha in History, Fiction, and Fantasy.” Our entry into Geisha studies had been diverse, taking us into discussions about constructions of gender and beauty, race and sexuality, Orientalism and fantasy. Michael Jackson as maiko, manga / 192 34. High school graduate maiko, manga / 185 29. Cover, Shōnen maiko: Chiyogiku ga yuku! (Boy maiko: There goes Chiyogiku!) / 145 21. Cover, Maiko-san-chi no Makanai-san (Miss Cook for the maiko girls) / 136 ix x. Kurenai niou (Crimson fragrance), manga scenes / 129 19. Gion bayashi (A Geisha), film scene / 115 18. Cover, Maiko no osahō (Maiko etiquette) / 102 15. Cover, Suppin geiko (Bare-faced geiko) / 95 14. Cover, Aisare jōzu ni naru Gion-ryū (The Gion way) / 87 13. Arts lessons for maiko and geiko posted in Gion / 71 11. Maiko-inspired transportation poster / 24 8. Introduction: The Maiko, Kyoto’s Apprentice Geisha The Maiko’s Hanamachi Home The Well-Mannered Career Path Life in the Hanamachi: Voices of Maiko and Geiko From Victim to Artist: Maiko Stories in Movies and Manga Adventures of a Boy Maiko: There Goes Chiyogiku! Hit a Homer, Maiko! Maiko Visual Comedy Conclusion: The Ordinary Girl in the Maiko Masquerade Acknowledgments Glossary Notes Bibliography Index ix xi xv 1 37 60 82 111 142 162 196 205 211 215 257 273 ILLUSTRATIONS 1. CONTENTS List of Illustrations Preface: Why Study Maiko Stories? Notes on Japanese Terms and Currency 1. Classification: lcc gt3415.j (print) | lcc gt3415.j3 (ebook) | DDC 792.702/80952-dc23 LC record available at LC ebook record available at Manufactured in the United States of America 30 10 29 28 27 26 9 8 7 6 5 25 24 23 4 3 2 1 22 21 For my students, with gratitude for your insights, enthusiasm, and dedication, and for all that you have taught me. | Kyoto (Japan)-Social life and customs-21st century. | Popular culture-Japan-History-21st century. Description: Oakland, California : University of California Press, | Includes bibliographical references and index. Title: Maiko masquerade : crafting geisha girlhood in Japan / Jan Bardsley. MAIKO MASQUERADE MAIKO MASQUERADE Crafting geisha girlhood in Japan Jan Bardsley University of California press University of California Press Oakland, California © 2021 by Jan Bardsley Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Bardsley, Jan, author.
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